LPG Fumigation - Appendix

 

LPG Fumigation

Appendix

 

Eventually, I'll have some links to fumigation resources here. For now, what's available is the orifice chart , BTU calculator, and fuel specifications chart.

Guide to Orifice Flow Capacities:

Caution: Orifice flow capacities are dependant on a variety of factors that cannot be included in a simple table. Capacities vary with the composition of the gas, specific gravity, orifice configuration, back pressure etc. This data is approximate.

 

DRILL size BTU/hr at 11" WC DRILL size BTU/hr at 11" WC DRILL size BTU/hr at 11" WC DRILL size BTU/hr at 11" WG
mm MTD mm MTD mm MTD mm MTC
0.32 80 1273 1.02 60 11176 2.50 40 67087 4.10 20 181066
0.35 79 1469 1.05 59 11742 2.55 39 69157 4.20 19 192487
0.38 78 1788 1.07 58 12322 2.60 38 71964 4.30 18 200690
0.40 77 2263 1.10 57 12916 2.70 37 75553 4.40 17 209063
0.45 76 2794 1.20 56 15104 2.75 36 79229 4.50 16 218843
0.50 75 3081 1.30 55 18888 2.80 35 84522 4.55 15 226324
0.52 74 3536 1.40 54 21131 2.85 34 86066 4.60 14 231381
0.58 73 4024 1.50 53 24730 2.90 33 89195 4.70 13 239072
0.60 72 4366 1.60 52 28167 2.95 32 93994 4.80 12 249522
0.65 71 4722 1.70 51 31357 3.00 31 100589 4.85 11 254831
0.68 70 5476 1.80 50 34228 3.30 30 115343 4.90 10 241536
0.70 69 5956 1.85 49 37225 3.50 29 129200 5.00 09 28348
0.80 68 6713 1.95 48 40347 3.55 28 137892 5.05 08 276625
0.82 67 7153 2.00 47 43045 3.60 27 144847 5.10 07 282214
0.85 66 7607 2.05 46 45831 3.70 26 150945 5.20 06 290701
0.90 65 8557 2.10 45 46969 3.80 25 156123 5.25 05 294991
0.92 64 9053 2.20 44 51663 3.85 24 161389 5.30 04 305125
0.95 63 9563 2.25 43 55331 3.90 23 165664 5.40 03 216917
0.98 62 10087 2.35 42 64337 3.95 22 172181 5.60 02 341170
1.00 61 10625 2.43 41 67087 4.00 21 176596 5.80 01 343124

 

 

Calculate Heat output in BTUs:

NOTE: This JavaScript Calculator was produced by Anthony Clarke from the data and formulae in the Excel spreadsheet version prepared by Thomas Vincent, featured on Ron Reil's burner page. All units are in the Imperial/US units used in the USA.

WARNING!: This calculator is provided as theoretical information only. Use of the information in a practical application is at your own risk.

Orifice Diam d =

Enter Gas Orifice Diameter in inches as a decimal. See Note 1:

Gas Pressure p =

Enter Gas Pressure in pounds per square inch (psi). See Note 2:

Efficiency e =

Change the Efficiency value only if known. See Note 3:

Click button to calculate

 -or- 

Output Data

BTU Output ==

BTU/Hr

Air needed to support combustion ==

cubic_ft/minute

Consumption of Gas ==

lbs/Hr

Theoretical gas supply time using given gas tank (from full)
Enter any tank size in pounds prior to running the calculation.

Tank size =

lbs (A one gallon tank has a net weight of 4.24 pounds)

should last about

Hours

Note: "infinity" or "NaN" in the output indicates that you have entered invalid data.

 

Base Data for PROPANE Gas

 

BTUs per Cu ft.

2498

BTUs / cu. ft.

Air to propane ratio for (1 cu ft of propane)

23.86

cu ft per min.(CFM)

BTUs per Lb of propane

21,591

BTUs / Lb.

Propane weight per (US) gal.

4.24

Lbs / gal.

 

Notes on Gas Calculator Details

Note 1: Enter orifice size in inches- . Use a machinist drill size chart to convert decimal drill sizes to a decimal value in inches. If you are using fractional drills calculate the decimal equivalent. Divide the upper number by the lower number. Again, this number must be in inches.
- Example: a #51 decimal drill has a diameter of .067". A 1/16" fractional drill has a decimal equivalent diameter of .0625 inches.

Note 2: Enter the propane pressure in pounds per square inch. (from the pressure gauge) The pressure gauge should be reasonably close to the orifice, no more than 6' away to avoid pressure drop.

Note 3: Efficiency Factor - This number is an average orifice coefficient (efficiency) factor. Use .75 as a default, unless you know your orifice coefficient factor. Depending on the orifice size, shape and design, this number may vary from .5 to .98 . Coefficient of discharge range for (5-25 psi) will be around 0.65 to 0.70 for Sharp edge or Re-entrant type orifice.

 

 

Fuel Comparison Table:

 

  Propane LNG Gasoline Diesel Hydrogen Methanol Ethanol
Formula C3H8 CH4 C8 H18 C12H26 H2 CH3OH C2H5OH
Research Octane Number 112 130 91-98 N.A N.A 112 111
Motor Octane Number 97 130 83-90 N.A N.A 91 92
Cetane Number 5-10 -10 8-14 40-65 N.A 3 8
Density of Liquid Fuel(kg/lt) 0.509 0.421 0.746 0.808 0.0708 0.79 0.783
Density of Gas (kg/m3) 0.508 N.A 4.4   0.0838    
Boiling Point (C) -42 -162 27-240   -252.7    
Lower Heating Value(kj/kg) 46,238 49,913 42,661 43,419 119,444 19,859 26,855
Energy Content (Volume)(kj/lt) 23,535 21,013 31,825 35,082 1930* 15,688 21,027
Energy Compared to Gasoline 74% 66% 100% 110% 6.06% 49% 66%
Energy Compared to Diesel 67% 60% 91% 100% 5.50% 45% 60%
  Propane LNG Gasoline Diesel Hydrogen Methanol Ethanol
Stoichometric A/F Ratio (mass) 15.7 17.3 14.7 15 34.3 6.5 9
Heat of Vaporization (kj/kg) 423 507 355 286 N.A 1186 842
Energy of Stoich. Mixture (Mj/m3) 3.79 3.58 3.91   3.58    
Wobbe Number (Mj/m3) 74.7 48.2 N.A N.A       
Auto ignition Temperature (°C) 450 450 220 225 585     
Peak Flame Temperature (°C) 1990 1790 1977 2054 2045     
Spark Ignition Energy (mj) 0.305 0.29 0.24 0.24 0.02    
Flammability Limits (vol %) 2.1-10.4   1.4-7.6 0.6-5.5 4-75     
Detonation Limits (vol %) 3.4-35 6.3-13.5  1.1-3.3   18.3-59     
Flame Spread Rate (m/s) N.A N.A 4-6 0.02-0.08      
  Propane LNG Gasoline Diesel Hydrogen Methanol Ethanol
Max. Burning Velocity in NTP air (cm/s) 43-52 37.45 37.43        
Specific Gravity at NTP (kg/m3) 1.52 0.55 2-4 4-6      
Reid Vapor Pressure (psi) N.A.   50-100 0.1-0.15      
Diffusion Velocity in NTP air (cm/s) ~0.34 ~0.51 ~0.17   ~2    
Diffusion Coefficients in NTP air (cm2/s) 0.1 0.16 0.05   0.61    
Quenching gap in TNP Air (mm) 1.78 2.03 2   0.64    
Flame Visibility, relative 0.6 0.6 1 1      
Flash Point (°F) N.A -306   125      

* @ 3500 PSI

 

 

 

 

 

 

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